结肠癌脑转移 Metastatic Carcinoma of the colon

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62岁男性因首次癫痫发作局部突发性强直痉挛入急诊治疗。他妻子是当时的见证者。他突然间变得沉默,眼睛斜向左侧,接着左侧面部开始抽动。他对口头指令已无反应,并且四肢开始产生急速运动。他有结肠癌病史并在最近已转移至肝和肺部。磁共振示病变一处涉及右侧第二额回,另一处涉及小脑,接近第四脑室,在矢状面影像上也能看见。 增强造影可显示两处病变的边界。转移性脑部病变虽不多发但较典型。T2加权像上低信号的额叶病变非常显著,而转移癌经常是高信号的。额叶病变周围几乎没有水肿也无皮层结构的变形。与之相反,小脑的病变肿胀明显并移位至下位脑干。由于病变接近调节呼吸等基本生命功能的脑干中枢,就会有潜在的生命危险。这种病变要求及时时监护。

This 62 year old man came to the emergency room after suffering a first seizure, a tonic-clonic convulsion with focal onset, witnessed by his wife. He suddenly became quiet, had eye deviation to the left, and began to twitch in the left face. He became unresponsive to verbal commands, and had generalized jerking movements of arms and legs, lasting for a few minutes. There was a history of carcinoma of the colon, with recent metastasis to the liver and lung. MR images show a lesion involving the right second frontal convolution and another in the cerebellum, near the fourth ventricle, also visible on the sagittal imagemap. There is contrast enhancement of the rim of both lesions. Metastatic brain lesions are typically but not always multiple. The low signal on T2-weighted images of the frontal lesion is remarkable, since metastases are often associated with high signal. There is very little surrounding edema or distortion of the frontal cortical architecture. In contrast, the cerebellar lesion is quite swollen and displaces the underlying brainstem, a potentially dangerous situation because of the proximity of vital brainstem centers involved in regulation of basic functions such as ventilation. This lesion required prompt attention and careful monitoring.

为保护隐私,某些细节被删除。 Some details have been altered to protect confidentiality.
Keith A. Johnson (keith@bwh.harvard.edu), J. Alex Becker (jabecker@mit.edu)

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